The Antarctica Treaty is signed by the U.S., Russia and ten other
nations, banning
military activity and weapons testing on the continent, becoming the first arms
control agreement signed in the Cold War period.
The “South Pole” area, the
Earth’s only continent without a native human population (and therefore no
citizenship or government), had been a constant clash of claims against
territorial ownership and U.S. officials wanted Pres. Eisenhower to be more
assertive as they believed it to be a great space for nuclear testing.
Eisenhower, however, took the opposite
approach. He began working with the Soviets and the treaty made it military
free and allowed scientific expeditions to travel across any area claimed by
other nations without any hindrance or problems, encouraging “environmental
stewardship”.
There are now over 50
countries that have signed the treaty.
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